Vesta - Cohesion

Vesta  is a fundamental Goddess for the Traditional Roman Spirituality: this is confirmed by the critical role this Goddess played in the past for the Roman State, Community and Family.

Vestia is similar to the Greek Goddess Hestia with whom shares some characteristics. Nonetheless Vesta shows some peculiarities differentiating her from Hestia.

Porphiry, in Perì agalmàton, says that "The ruling principle of the power of Earth is called Hestia, of whom a statue representing her as a virgin is usually set up on the hearth; but inasmuch as the power is productive, they symbolize her by the form of a woman with prominent breasts".

Hestia, according to the tradition, has a prominent role among the Deities because she is at the beginning of the geneaology of the non-primordial Gods and Goddesses.  Hellenics firstly invoke her: she embodies the productivity of Earth and the common fire of mankind and Deities. she is alone, virgo, without limits, static, stable, firm: she cannot suffer any modification. She is at the Centre, she is Virtus. She represents a force placed in the inner places, as centre and foundation of the Universe: for this reason she is the cause permitting the stable permanence in itself of the essence of everything.

Vesta shows similar characteristics: she is the sacralization of that cohesion force, unifying and tying force, linking a family, a community, a State. But this powerful cohesion force can be found in everything as foundation of the existence of the Universe in its macrocosm and microcosm dimensions. She has the power of the Centre generating a centripetal energy, as the gravity force of the Earth. Vesta is the Relation-Energy, the Attraction Energy at the base of everything. She is the force keeping the Universe together.  For the Pythagoreans, the Centre of the Universe, the everything's origin, is named "the Hearth".

Being a cohesione force, Vesta is in opposition to Mercury who, in a broad sense, is always "elusive", "volatile", "always on the run".

According to the tradition, after the creation of a family, Vesta enters the house, not stepping on the doorway - sacred to Janus - sitting silently near the hearth or in the kitchen. She will sit there as long as the family will remain united in harmony. Meals at home among the family members is the most importat private rite dedicated to Vesta.  Conversely, Mercury enters the houses from the windows: he enters the house only to steal...

Vesta, in her silence, represents a condition of inner being, calmness, non-agitation in opposition to the agitation of Mercury. It emerges moreover the idea of permanence, stability, durability: a way back home, in a very broad symbolic sense, a turn towards the inner dimension, the centre, the origin, the silence. She is the "inner dimension", the "inner house", intimacy. Vesta, also considering her geneaology, is a starting and arriving point, the arrival to our safe destination. Her silence evokes contemplation, returning to our personal destiny.

 

Vesta is a "cohesion fire". This is a peculiar kind of fire defined also as the "fire of the house owner": this fire is totally different from other sacred fires such as the Vulcan's or the Mars' ones. The fire of Vesta is an originating fire not deriving from other fires: it is an axial and principal fire because it is the beginning of other fires. The fire of Vesta is therefore "origin and support of everything". It is lighted through the friction of wood from an arbor felix (and with this wood it will be maintained alive) or through the sunrays. This fire is the symbol of the link of the Cultor and Cultrix to the Earth, as Sacred Manifestation. This is the reason why this is a round fire. It describes these foundamental principles: it cannot be used as a tool to send offerings to Gods and Goddesses. The fire of Vesta is not an ignis aspergendus: its smoke cannot send offerings. An ignis aspergendus is an oriented fire, thus a quadrangular fire at the base of a Templum. This kind of fire represents the Sky (Another World), while the fire of Vesta represents the Earth (This World). 

 

Please note that the words Sky and Earth are not here used in a cosmological, physical, astronomical scientific or profane terms. They are used as Sacred Terms or components of an unique process of representation of the Universe. Sky and Earth, male and female, expansion and contraction, active and passive, inhaling and expiration... The roundness of the Earth, as principle of stability in everything, refers to a lack of orientation and the equivalence of the directions.

The fire of Vesta, a Female Fire by definition, has to be always included in any rite together with the fire for offering.

The Ignis Vestae, in the Aedes Vestae in Rome had a round shape, represented the permanence of the Roman State on the Earth and History. Not surprisingly only women could have care of such fire: the Vestals used this fire to prepare the mola, a flour used for the animal sacrifices  (im-molate).

Bread is sacred to Vesta.

Vesta had (and still has not) no anthropomorphic representation because her fire is the sole and perfect image of Vesta. 

It is important to remind that, differently from the Greek tradition, Vesta is at the end of any rite. While citing Junus in the prima, the invocation begins, Vesta is the conclusion of any invocation. She is often invoked as Vesta Mater to highlight as Earth and infera Goddess, force tying the matter.